Tanh vs Sigmoid vs ReLU

 

⚖️  Tanh vs Sigmoid vs ReLU

PropertySigmoidTanhReLU
Formula11+e−z\frac{1}{1+e^{-z}}ez−e−zez+e−z\frac{e^z-e^{-z}}{e^z+e^{-z}}max⁡(0,z)\max(0,z)
Range(0,1)(0,1)(−1,1)(-1,1)[0,∞)[0,\infty)
NonlinearYesYesYes
Zero-centered❌✅❌
SaturatesBoth sidesBoth sidesPositive side: No
Vanishing gradientYesYesReduced for positive inputs
Main issueVanishing gradientsVanishing gradientsDying ReLU
Typical useBinary outputSome hidden/RNN layersHidden layers


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